Is it permissible to impose the Shariah on others in a non-Muslim country?

Answer

In a non-Muslim country, the Shariah cannot be imposed on others. One can only offer advice and admonition. Force may not be employed to impose any aspect of the Shariah on anyone in a kaafir land.

If there is a conflict between the Shariah and the laws of the kaafir land, one should endeavour one's best to act in accordance with the Shariah if this is possible. If not possible, one should abhor the haraam act in one's heart. For example, taking photographs of people is haraam. However, the government enforces identity cards on the citizens. Since one has no option on this issue, one will not be sinful for taking a photo for the purposes of obtaining an identity document. Besides this, there are other aspects of conflict where the Muslim in a non-Muslim country has no choice but to submit.