Is it correct that on the Day of Judgment, the kuffaar will be entitled to take the deeds of Muslims for their rights?

Answer

Yes, on the Day of Judgment, the kuffaar will supplicate for their rights which Muslims had usurped and violated here on earth. The good deeds commensurate to the violation of their rights will be transferred to the unbelievers who will then temporarily (maybe centuries) live in a kind of paradise.